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Menambahkan Database pada Rails Project

Created at: 2019-10-09
Author by: BanditHijo

Latar Belakang Masalah

Setelah pada blog post sebelumnya saya menulis tentang “Membuat Rails Project tanpa Database”.

Pada tulisan kali ini, saya akan membahas mengenai bagaimana cara menambahkan database engine pada Rails project yang sudah ada.

Tambahkan Gem

Pertama-tama, tentukan dahulu database engine apa yang akan teman-teman gunakan.

Untuk tulisan ini saya akan menggunakan PostgreSQL sebagai contoh.

Tambahkan saja ke dalam file Gemfile.

Gemfile
1ruby '2.6.3'
2
3# Bundle edge Rails instead: gem 'rails', github: 'rails/rails'
4gem 'rails', '~> 5.2.3'
5# Use postgresql as the database for Active Record
6gem 'pg', '>= 0.18'
7# Use Puma as the app server
8gem 'puma', '~> 3.11'
9# Use SCSS for stylesheets
10gem 'sass-rails', '~> 5.0'

Tambahkan Database.yml

Setelah itu, kita perlu membuat file config/database.yml.

Untuk PostgreSQL engine, memiliki isi sebagia berikut.

config/database.yml
1# PostgreSQL. Versions 9.1 and up are supported.
2#
3# Install the pg driver:
4# gem install pg
5# On OS X with Homebrew:
6# gem install pg -- --with-pg-config=/usr/local/bin/pg_config
7# On OS X with MacPorts:
8# gem install pg -- --with-pg-config=/opt/local/lib/postgresql84/bin/pg_config
9# On Windows:
10# gem install pg
11# Choose the win32 build.
12# Install PostgreSQL and put its /bin directory on your path.
13#
14# Configure Using Gemfile
15# gem 'pg'
16#
17default: &default
18 adapter: postgresql
19 encoding: unicode
20 # For details on connection pooling, see Rails configuration guide
21 # http://guides.rubyonrails.org/configuring.html#database-pooling
22 pool: <%= ENV.fetch("RAILS_MAX_THREADS") { 5 } %>
23
24development:
25 <<: *default
26 database: project_mahal_development
27
28 # The specified database role being used to connect to postgres.
29 # To create additional roles in postgres see `$ createuser --help`.
30 # When left blank, postgres will use the default role. This is
31 # the same name as the operating system user that initialized the database.
32 #username: project_mahal
33
34 # The password associated with the postgres role (username).
35 #password:
36
37 # Connect on a TCP socket. Omitted by default since the client uses a
38 # domain socket that doesn't need configuration. Windows does not have
39 # domain sockets, so uncomment these lines.
40 #host: localhost
41
42 # The TCP port the server listens on. Defaults to 5432.
43 # If your server runs on a different port number, change accordingly.
44 #port: 5432
45
46 # Schema search path. The server defaults to $user,public
47 #schema_search_path: myapp,sharedapp,public
48
49 # Minimum log levels, in increasing order:
50 # debug5, debug4, debug3, debug2, debug1,
51 # log, notice, warning, error, fatal, and panic
52 # Defaults to warning.
53 #min_messages: notice
54
55# Warning: The database defined as "test" will be erased and
56# re-generated from your development database when you run "rake".
57# Do not set this db to the same as development or production.
58test:
59 <<: *default
60 database: project_mahal_test
61
62# As with config/secrets.yml, you never want to store sensitive information,
63# like your database password, in your source code. If your source code is
64# ever seen by anyone, they now have access to your database.
65#
66# Instead, provide the password as a unix environment variable when you boot
67# the app. Read http://guides.rubyonrails.org/configuring.html#configuring-a-database
68# for a full rundown on how to provide these environment variables in a
69# production deployment.
70#
71# On Heroku and other platform providers, you may have a full connection URL
72# available as an environment variable. For example:
73#
74# DATABASE_URL="postgres://myuser:mypass@localhost/somedatabase"
75#
76# You can use this database configuration with:
77#
78# production:
79# url: <%= ENV['DATABASE_URL'] %>
80#
81production:
82 <<: *default
83 database: project_mahal_production
84 username: project_mahal
85 password: <%= ENV['PROJECT_MAHAL_DATABASE_PASSWORD'] %>

Aktifkan Active Record

Selanjutnya, kita perlu mengaktifkan Active Record pada config/application.rb.

config/application.rb
1require "rails"
2# Pick the frameworks you want:
3require "active_model/railtie"
4require "active_job/railtie"
5require "active_record/railtie" # <- aktifkan ini
6# require "active_storage/engine"
7require "action_controller/railtie"
8require "action_mailer/railtie"
9require "action_view/railtie"
10require "action_cable/engine"
11require "sprockets/railtie"
12require "rails/test_unit/railtie"

Mantap, tinggal langkah terakhir, membuat database.

Create Database

Jalankan dengan perintah rake.

$ rails db:create

Apabila menghasilkan output seperti di bawah ini.

Created database 'project_mahal_development'
Created database 'project_mahal_test'

Maka, proses menambahkan database pada Rails project kita telah berhasil.

Mudah-mudahan dapat bermanfaat buat teman-teman.

Terima kasih (^_^)v

Referensi

  1. How to add a Postgre Database to an existing Rails project
    Diakses tanggal: 2019/10/09